Painting Base Materials

Wood backing material

Oil painting relying on material of wood-based materials have a variety of strong dense wood and artificial multilayer plywood sheet. High density Panel is also made of plywood surface, as long as the processed according to painting basement requirements can be used for painting by relying on the material, but weight is too heavy. Decorated with synthetic materials veneer panels is because the surface is too smooth and completely oil it is not appropriate to do oil painting relying on material. Common varieties and specifications can be found in the Appendix of the plywood and fibreboard.

Wood
Used textiles as paintings based on the material used, Tanzania culture works and oil painting has been used wood as backing material. Early European paintings using the wood of pine, FIR, poplar and oak, thickness is usually 2 to 3 cm, it is said that some Italy wood oil painting Panel 10 cm thick. Painting wood to choose wood close by, there is no scar on the surface after drying and, owing to the large Board size is impossible, so when making large picture boards must be spliced together, put together to sew linen patch to use mounting for careful handling, lined wooden stalls in the back to make it more robust, not warping cracking. Basement wood processing early oil paintings of Europe carried out by specialized artisans, often on the back have a common signature of artist and Carpenter. Although strong planks do rely on materials, but too bulky, size restrictions, is not easy to handle.

Plywood
As a substitute for wood, multilayer plywood is much more lightweight materials, theory, several layers of glued up sheet than a piece of thick boards more resistant to warping deformation. Quality three-layer plywood surface gluing, coating and grinding of relying on material handling is very good, of course, better use five or more layers of plywood. Quality is divided into four classes of three grades of plywood. When you buy should use at least 3 classes (NC) more moisture resistant plywood. When you use the large size of the plywood should be at the back of the Board plus the backing of wood, wood and plywood with adhesive should be used instead of nails, ends long to avoid rusting. Side gluing the edges of the slit with a varnish or shellac seals prevent moisture. Coating on the plywood base paint should be done one or two times before coating process, in order to prevent the sheet metal bending, should wear the appropriate coating on the back of the plate.


Fibreboard
Fiberboard is made of plant fiber materials, after separation, man-made plate made of dry dry. High quality fiber wet up no shrinkage and crack drawbacks, their strength and performance are similar to wood or even better. Some artists like to use fiberboard for decorative painting, with its rough texture on the back to form a special texture. But now, in addition to base treatment of the murals, as oil painting relying on material on more rare. Fibreboard as bulk density is divided into three classes, the disparity of quality differences. Bulk density insulation Board of 0.49G/cm3 the following loose texture, very easy to absorb moisture, you cannot use should use semi-rigid or rigid fibreboard is preferred. Fibreboard made oil painting relying on materials, like plywood, should also be on the back side do moisture and reinforcement of wooden stalls.

Paper backing material
Paper paintings are generally the main relying on material, Tanzania culture of early works and oil paint on paper materials. Paper substrates due to limitations in both performance and save now paper materials generally do not apply to permanent official oil painting works, however some artists out to make some color small draft sketches or convenience, use canvas paper. If after careful processing, quality cardboard is great for small oil painting relying on material. Many artists have left a considerable amount of paper paintings, such as heerbaiyin, such as Rembrandt and kangsitaibuer, some of which were later posted again mounted on a Board to save.
Common painting directly on paper is in the thick brush or imposed on card mounted on the gauze and then paint. If you select the material properly, making careful, can be used. Homemade paper first to select dense and tough texture of oil painting, paper with some texture like water colored paper, can also use a wide range of high quality cardboard and rigid cardboard. Followed by carefully brush-coated with glue and the best one to two times base paint. Simply smooth on paper art oil painting on a layer of adhesive paper flow, but ends long after inhalation of oil content in paint or pigment in the paper, paint and paper becomes brittle and eventually damage the screen. In order to make some changes, ink rollers to end-coating material can be used to produce a certain amount of texture, free NET, coarse cloth or other material when wet by the end of the shade.
Some contents and materials of the artist combining traditional Chinese painting, explore national style of oil painting, directly on the paper, bast paper or Korean paper using paint and oil pastels to paint, had unique texture effect. But because oil-direct contact with the paper, provide the crisp color of paper. Although you can use the plastic base and bracket mounting Chinese painting methods and strengthening, but not conducive to the work of saving for a long time.
On the paper backing material draws oil painting can't reel to store and carry, otherwise easily lead to the substrate and crack off. Paper if you want to keep the painting, it is best to frame its mounted or framed in carefully on boards or plywood.

Fabric based on material
Painting with textiles as works based on the materials of history can be traced back to ancient Egypt or even earlier. In China, 70 unearthed Han painting on silk from is more than 2000 years ago. Historical records of ancient Rome, the tyrant Nero has on the lives of people in up to three meters of cloth to draw his portrait. But it is said that later in the painting was the first from Northern Europe to Italy South, of course, widely replacing wood with fabric paint is in Renaissance Venice. Compared to the heavy wood, canvas seems to use lightweight, economy, almost without limit, Venice painting oil painting size huge, magnificent. Panoramic view of modern art canvas size is even greater, domestic production some years ago had a special door width up to 16 m wide large linen canvas for drawing panoramic painting.
Of textile materials for painting, such as cotton, ramie and chemical fiber fabrics, where linen is best. Fiber is an annual or perennial herbaceous Monocots and dicots bast fiber collectively, the strength, rigidity and resistance is better than cotton. Apply canvas mainly belonging to the former in the soft fibers of flax and ramie, jute canvas, poor quality to a level, generally should not be used to make paintings of hemp cloth.

Linen
Linen is a herb, widely planted in the North, divided into fibers, oil and used three types. Flax also known as flax oil, oil seeds squeezed out of it is the uniqueness of kernel of flax oil painting, is the main raw material of industrial paint and pigments. Fibre flax stem fiber jewelry, tough and wear-resistant, and is widely used in the textile industry, quality linen fabric is the most suitable for canvas material. Processed into different weights of canvas. Linen canvas in the strength, stability, durability, wear resistance of absorption are better than others, such as canvas, although after priming, polishing and paint covered repeatedly has been able to maintain a certain cloth texture, relying on material of choice for hundreds of years has been the oil painting.
Finished the canvas and fabric of flax in domestic market sales of the two, which can be used directly, which does not do background, needs its own processing. Many types of fabric, mixed quality, color are bleached, white, half white and linen color variety, and various specifications such as fine, medium and coarse grain, width ranging from 90 cm-230 cm, special wide canvas of up to 4~5 meters, but more rare.

Ramie
Ramie for perennial herbs, originating in northern China white ramie is one of high quality textile materials,widely used in landscape oil paintings, fiber flax in a long, good toughness, is weaving a large canvas material. Venetian painting in the history of many large scale oil paintings are coarse-textured ramie canvas art, ramie and the texture of the canvas is usually Twill or herringbone pattern, less domestic for the canvas.

Jute
Jute lower prices, but its coarse and hard fiber, quality not as good as flax and ramie, industrially used for sacks and carpet backing cloth, there is no domestic made of jute canvas, but foreign oil canvas is useful in production of jute fiber.

Cotton cloth
Cotton poor toughness, texture and density, rising rate, only doing small canvas dimension less than 1 m. Do use the canvas should be heavy, high quality and factory special shrink-proof cotton cloth, otherwise after saying for a long time as the expansion and contraction of the fiber makes color cracked, severely damaged the screen. If not new practice, or for economic reasons, it is best not to use oil-cotton canvas.

Chemical fiber fabrics
Made of nylon or other chemical synthetic fabrics have long been used for oil painting

Fabric, high quality chemical fibre canvas shrinkage of small, fastness, color white, light weight, low cost. From practice and no less than the natural material, but in the professional field, is still widely used to using high quality linen. Over a chemical fibre canvas is mainly worried about chemical fiber ends after long aging embrittlement can occur that affect work life.

Mixed fabric
Canvas is made of blended or mixed such as linen, cotton or man-made fibres, because of the different fiber mixed water absorption, resulting in shrinkage variation, uneven strength, tensile strength performance. Different materials for the warp and weft woven canvas, narrowing differences, not oil painting relying on material, when you buy carefully distinguished. Mixed material fabric canvas because of lower prices than pure linen, so as a new practice, but must not be used for important paintings and artistic creation.